Luminescence, fluorescence et phosphorescence des minéraux: fiche descriptive

CORINDON

Formule chimique: Al₂O₃

Famille: Oxydes et Hydroxydes

Statut: IMA-GP

Système cristallin : Rhombohédrique

Minéral de vitrine: OUI

Noms associés (variétés luminescentes, noms discrédités, synonymes etc.): rubis, saphir,

Luminescence:

Type d'UV	Couleur principale (*)	Intensité	Fréquence d'observation

UV longs (365nm):	Rouge	Très forte	Très souvent
UV moyens (320 nm):	Rouge
UV courts (254 nm):	Rouge	Moyenne	Souvent

Autres couleurs OL:	Rouge violacé , Rose violacé ,
Autres couleurs OC:	Orange ,

(*)Vous pouvez ouvrir la charte des couleurs dans une nouvelle fenêtre

Photo Ondes longues (365nm)

Rubis, UV LW,
Sivec Marble Quarry, Sivec Mountain, Prilep, Macedonia
Photo & Col. � G. Barmarin

Photo Ondes Courtes (254nm)

Rubis, UV SW,
Mysore District, Karnataka, India
Photo & Col. © G. Barmarin

Phosphorescence (au sens commun du terme) observable à l'oeil nu:

Aucune phosphorescence observable à l'oeil nu quelle que soit le type d'UV

Commentaires:

Variété rubis (rouge): presque toujours fluorescent (Cr³⁺)
Variété saphire (bleu): parfois légèrement fluorescent rouge, rosâtre
Autres variétés colorées de saphire: fluorescence variable mais assez fréquente;

Activateur(s) et spectre(s):

Activateur le plus courant: Cr³⁺

Pics dans le spectre (nm):

Cr³⁺ replacing Al : Lines at 692.8, 694.3nm (R₁ and R₂ lines)

Cr³⁺ : 658.2 , 668.2 , 674.1 , 680 (small lines)

N-lines (Cr³⁺ pairs) : 705.8 , 712nm (small lines)

Fe³⁺ : broad band peaking at 896nm (Sapphire)

Pas d'image de spectre pour l'instant

Commentaires sur les spectres et les activateurs (*):

Crookes (1887) and Becquerel (1861) considered pure alumina as fluorescent; but De Boisbaudran (1887) stated that chromium as impurity was the cause of the fluorescence.

Bois and Elias (1908) studied the effect of low temperature and magnetic field on several chromium salt and ruby in particular.

Steady-state luminescent properties of natural corundum Al₂O₃ were carefully investigated.

Activator: Cr³⁺ replacing Al giving strong well known 2E->4A2 lines with long decay time

Besides that, much weaker narrow lines present, which are connected with Cr-pairs and more complicated complexes (so called N-lines) (Tarashchan 1978).

Cathodoluminescence: red or light-blue (undetermined origin);

The weaker peaks from the long wavelength side of the principal lines are also known and ascribed to so call N-lines, namely Cr³⁺ pairs.

(*)Les commentaires sur les spectres sont uniquement rédigés en Anglais

Meilleure(s) localité(s) pour la fluorescence (*):

Mysore District, Karnataka, India;
Limecrest Quarry at Sparta, New jersey, USA;
Limestone quarries around Franklin, Franklin Marble, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA;
Sterling Mine, Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA;
Kleggåsen Ruby Quarry, Froland, Aust-Agder, Norway;
Fiskenæsset (Fiskenaesset; Qeqertarsuatsiaat), Nuuk (Godthåb), Sermersooq, Greenland;
Jegdalek (Jagdalek; Jagdalak; Jagdalik) Ruby Mine, Surobi District, Kabol (Kabul) Province, Afghanistan;
Zazafotsy Quarry, Zazafotsy Commune, Ihosy District, Horombe Region, Fianarantsoa Province, Madagascar;
Ampanihy District, Southwestern Region, Tuléar Province, Madagascar;
Ali Abad, Hunza Valley, Gilgit District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan;
Hassanabad Nala (Hasanabad), Hunza Valley (near Ali Abad), Gilgit District, Gilgit-Baltistan (Northern Areas), Pakistan;
Luc Yen, Yenbai Province, Vietnam;
Ketito, Arusha Region, Tanzania;
Longido, Mt Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania (in green chrome-zoisite (anyolite));
Mundarara Mine, Arusha Region, Tanzania (in green chrome-zoisite (anyolite));
Khit Ostrov, Northern Karelia, Karelia Republic, Northern Region, Russia;
Ganesh Himal deposit, Somdang, Rasuwa District, Bagmati Zone, Nepal;
Mogok Township, Pyin-Oo-Lwin District, Mandalay Division, Burma;

(*)Les données ne sont pas exhaustives et sont limitées à quelques localités remarquables pour la fluorescence

Référence bibliographique pour la luminescence:

The Henkel Glossary of Fluorescent Minerals, Dr. Gerhard Henkel, Published by the FMS, 1989 ,
Fluorescence: Gems and Minerals Under Ultraviolet Light, Manuel Robbins, 1994, Geoscience Press, ISBN 0-945005-13-X ,
The World of Fluorescent Minerals, Stuart Schneider, Schiffer Publishing, 2006, ISBN 0-7643-2544-2 ,
Luminescence Spectroscopy of Minerals and Materials, M. Gaft, R. Reisfeld, G. Panczer, Springer Editor, ISBN: 10 3-540-21918-8 ,
Luminescent Spectra of Minerals, Boris S. Gorobets and Alexandre A. Rogojine, Moscow, 2002 ,
Ultraviolet Light and Fluorescent Minerals, Th. Warren, S. Gleason, R. Bostwick, et E. Verbeek, 1995, ISBN 0-9635098-0-2 ,
Handbook of mineralogy, John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, and Monte C. Nichols, and published by Mineral Da ,
Handbook of Fluorescent Gems and Minerals, a practical guide for the gem and mineral collector, Jack de Ment, 1949 ,